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Elements having +5 oxidation state is
A. Bismuth
B. Phosphorous
C. Arsenic
D. Antimony
Answer - B
Explanation - The maximum oxidation state shown by a p-block element is equal to the total number of valence electrons (i.e., the sum of the s and p-electrons).
P :[Ne]3s23p3. Total valence electrons = 5 so it will show +5 oxidation state. The stability of +5 oxidation state decreases down the group due to the inert pair effect.
[Ar]3d104s24p3 is the electronic configuration of
A. Antimony
B. Bismuth
C. Arsenic
D. Phosphorous
Answer - C
Explanation - Arsenic is a group 15 element and its atomic no. is 33.
The most common oxidation states of nitrogen are
A. +3, +5
B. – 3, +5
C. – 3, +3
D. – 3, +3, +5
Answer - D
Explanation - N shows -3 in NH3, +3 in HNO2 and +5 in HNO3.
In which of the following compound, nitrogen shows the oxidation state of +5?
A. N2
B. HNO3
C. NH3
D. NH2OH
Answer - B
Explanation - Oxidation state of O is -2 and H is +1. Let the oxidation state of N is x.
(+1) +x + 3(-2) = 0
x = +5
The maximum covalency of nitrogen is
A. Four
B. Six
C. Eight
D. Five
Answer - A
Explanation - N has maximum covalency of 4 since only four (one s and three p) orbitals are available for bonding. d orbitals are not available for bonding.
Which among the following forms basic oxide?
A. Antimony
B. Nitrogen
C. Bismuth
D. Phosphorous
Answer - C
Explanation - As we move down the group in the periodic table, the metallic character increases so Bi is a metal thus its oxide is basic.
In laboratory ammonia is prepared by heating
A. Nitrogen and hydrogen
B. Ammonium chloride with calcium hydroxide
C. Calcium cyanamide with water
D. Ammonium chloride with sodium hydroxide
Answer - D
Explanation - On a small scale ammonia can be prepared by treating ammonium chloride or ammonium sulphate with sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide. It is also prepared by hydrolysis of magnesium nitride.
Ammonia has a higher boiling point and is less volatile because of
A. Dipole – Dipole interaction
B. Covalent bond
C. Hydrogen bond
D. Vander waal forces
Answer - C
Explanation - In the solid and liquid states NH3 is associated through intermolecular hydrogen bonding and therefore it has higher boiling point and less volatile compared to other hydrides of group 15.
Which compound is used in the preparation of caprolactam?
A. Phosphine
B. Ammonia
C. Nitric acid
D. Phosphorous halide
Answer - B
Explanation - NH3 is used in the preparation of caprolactam. Caprolactam is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)5C(O)NH. It is used to make Nylon 6 fibre and plastics.
Which compound is used as the cooling liquid in refrigerators?
A. Ozone
B. Ammonia
C. Phosphine
D. Nitrous oxide
Answer - B
Explanation - Liquid NH3 is used as a refrigerant. evaporation of a liquid needs heat energy. when liquid ammonia vapourises, it absorbs large quantities of heat without changing its temperature.
Ammonia act as a Lewis base because nitrogen has
A. It has pyramidal structure
B. 3 electrons in the outermost shell
C. Bond pair of electrons
D. Lone pair of electrons
Answer - D
Explanation - Lewis base is a substance which can donate lone pair of electrons. NH3 has one lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom therefore can act as Lewis base.
Which allotrope of phosphorous is most stable?
A. Blue
B. Black
C. White
D. Red
Answer - B
Explanation - Black Phosphorus is the most stable isotope of phosphorus because it is a highly polymerized form of phosphorous.
At what temperature white phosphorous changes to red phosphorous?
A. 373 K
B. 673 K
C. 573 K
D. 473 K
Answer - C
Explanation - White phosphorus when heated to 573 K in an inert atmosphere for several days red Phosphorus is obtained.
What is the spontaneous ignition temperature of white phosphorous?
A. 20°C
B. 15°C
C. 10°C
D. 35°C
Answer - D
Explanation - The spontaneous ignition temperature of white phosphorus is 35°C. it is due to angular strain in the P4 molecules where the angles are only 60°.
is the structure of:-
A. Phosphinic acid
B. Phosphorous acid
C. Orthohosphoric acid
D. Pyrophosphoric acid
Answer - C
Explanation - This structure is of H3PO4. (Orthophosphoric acid). It has three P-OH and one P=O bond.
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